Inclusive Financial Literacy for Deaf People: Accessibility Analysis of Game-Based Financial Education Media
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59261/jbt.v7i3.747Keywords:
Accessibility, Deaf People, Design Thinking, Educational Game, Financial LiteracyAbstract
Background: Limited access to visually accessible financial education remains a barrier for deaf people in understanding financial information and making responsible economic decisions.
Objective: This study aims to analyze the accessibility of a game-based financial education medium for deaf people by examining user needs, the translation of financial content into visual and interactive elements, and user experience toward the developed prototype.
Methods: This study employed a descriptive-evaluative mixed methods design using a design thinking approach comprising empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and testing stages. Data were collected through observation, interviews, user discussions, prototype testing, user experience evaluation, and a financial literacy questionnaire involving 30 deaf participants in Bali. Accessibility was positioned as the primary design principle by integrating visual communication needs into the development of the game-based financial education media.
Results: The findings indicate that deaf users require financial education media with simple language, clear visuals, intuitive navigation, contextual examples, sign language videos, and direct feedback. The Cash Hero prototype showed improvement across all UEQ dimensions, with final scores ranging from 0.658 for efficiency to 1.725 for perspicuity. The average financial literacy index was 72.0%, with 60.0% of respondents categorized as having moderate financial literacy. These findings indicate that game-based learning can translate abstract financial concepts into more concrete, contextual, and interactive learning experiences.
Conclusion: This study concludes that game-based financial education designed through design thinking can serve as an accessible learning medium for deaf people. Future research should develop the prototype into a functional mobile application.
References
Adeniyi, S. O., & Kuku, O. O. (2020). Impact of gamification and experiential learning on achievement in mathematics among learners with hearing impairment in Lagos State, Nigeria. African Journal of Educational Studies in Mathematics and Sciences, 16(2), 51–65. https://ir.unilag.edu.ng/handle/123456789/11876
Akanni, O. O. (2026). Gamified Assessment as a Catalyst for Students’ Engagement and Achievement in Mathematics among Junior Secondary School Students in Lagos State. NIU Journal of Social Sciences, 12(1), 283–294.
Al Ansori, A. N. (2024). Survei: 55 persen penyandang disabilitas tak pernah mendengar atau mempelajari literasi keuangan. In Liputan6.com. https://www.liputan6.com/disabilitas/read/5624347/survei-55-persen-penyandang-disabilitas-tak-pernah-mendengar-atau-mempelajari-literasi-keuangan
Alabshar, N., Pujiwati, L. A., Munawaroh, T., & Fatoni, Z. (2024). Disabilitas dan kemiskinan ekstrem di Indonesia: Analisis data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional tahun 2020. Jurnal Kawistara, 14(1), 86–102. https://doi.org/10.22146/kawistara.83519
Bhat, R. H., Hafiz, R., & Darzi, T. A. (2026). Towards inclusive growth and prosperity: Does financial literacy bolster financial inclusion among persons with disabilities (PWDs) in India? SN Business & Economics, 6(4), 92.
Bhatt, A. N., & Chakrabarti, A. (2022). Gamification of design thinking: a way to enhance effectiveness of learning. AI EDAM, 36, e29.
Cannistrà, M., De Beckker, K., Agasisti, T., Amagir, A., Põder, K., Vartiak, L., & De Witte, K. (2024). The impact of an online game-based financial education course: Multi-country experimental evidence. Journal of Comparative Economics, 52(4), 825–847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2024.08.001
Creswell, J. W., & Clark, P. V. L. (2018). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/designing-and-conducting-mixed-methods-research/book241842
Dya, C. A., & Oktora, S. I. (2023). Pengaruh modal sosial terhadap kebahagiaan penduduk lanjut usia di Indonesia. Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia, 18(1), 75–92.
Engel, L., Rampling, T., Brautigan, E. J., Bazin, T., Dilts, K., Williams, T., Dyck, T. M., Jack, E. M., & Colquhoun, H. (2023). Review and consultations of Canadian financial education programs for individuals with disabilities. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 90(3), 257–268. https://doi.org/10.1177/00084174221129947
Estima, A., & Peguinho, C. (2024). Using gamification to promote financial literacy and consumer education among future generations. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Higher Education Advances (HEAd’24) (pp. 825–830). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAd24.2024.17353
Fazil, H., Khan, M. A., & Khan, N. (2024). Educating hearing impaired students for financial literacy: Perspectives of trained teachers. Al-Mahdi Research Journal (MRJ), 5(4), 714–730. https://asianindexing.com/society/issue.php?i=2087
Gunawan, A. A., Fatiha, A. N., Humaira, A. A., & Adistiya, C. (2023). Application of design thinking in designing a digital financial reporting platform. Jurnal Ilmu Keuangan Dan Perbankan (JIKA), 12(2), 257–268. https://doi.org/10.34010/jika.v12i2.9543
Hellmann, A. (2016). The role of accounting in behavioral finance. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 9, 39–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbef.2015.11.004
Hendrian, A., Hamzah, M. L., & Ansyar, T. K. (2024). Evaluation of user experience in mobile applications using User Experience Questionnaire and User Centered Design methods. 2024 International Conference on Circuit, Systems and Communication (ICCSC), 1–6.
Hidayatullah, S., & Syafrial, S. (2026). Penerapan Metode Profile Matching untuk Penerimaan Peserta Pelatihan Ketenagakerjaan pada Penyandang Disabilitas Fisik. Jurnal SAINTEKOM (Sains Dan Teknologi Komputasi), 2(1), 109–118.
Indonesia, K. S. R. (2021). Profil penyandang disabilitas Indonesia 2021. Pusat Data dan Informasi Kesejahteraan Sosial (Pusdatin Kesos).
Keuangan, O. J. (2024). Survei Nasional Literasi dan Inklusi Keuangan (SNLIK) 2024. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. https://ojk.go.id/id/berita-dan-kegiatan/publikasi/Pages/Survei-Nasional-Literasi-dan-Inklusi-Keuangan-(SNLIK)-2024.aspx
Laugwitz, B., Held, T., & Schrepp, M. (2008). Construction and evaluation of a user experience questionnaire. In A. Holzinger (Ed.), HCI and Usability for Education and Work (Vol. 5298, pp. 63–76). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89350-9_6
Morris, T., Maillet, S., & Koffi, V. (2022). Financial knowledge, financial confidence and learning capacity on financial behavior: A Canadian study. Cogent Social Sciences, 8(1), 1996919. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2021.1996919
Nouriska, S., Untoro, M. C., Afriansyah, A., Praseptiawan, M., Yulita, W., & Ashari, I. F. (2023). User Experience Answer System Automatically With User Centered Design And User Experience Questionnaire-Short. JITK (Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Dan Teknologi Komputer), 9(1), 81–88.
Paramitha, A. A. I. I., & Estiyanti, N. M. (2025). Applying design thinking in user interface design: A case study of Primakara University International Office. In 2024 10th International HCI and UX Conference in Indonesia (CHIuXiD) (pp. 66–71). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/CHIuXiD64022.2024.10860561
Patrício, R., Moreira, A. C., & Zurlo, F. (2021). Enhancing design thinking approaches to innovation through gamification. European Journal of Innovation Management, 24(5), 1569–1594. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-06-2020-0239
Putri, I. G. A. P. D., & Artani, K. T. B. (2020). Pemberdayaan remaja guna meningkatkan literasi keuangan keluarga. In Prosiding Webinar Nasional Universitas Mahasaraswati 2020 (pp. 19–25). Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar. https://e-journal.unmas.ac.id/index.php/prosidingwebinarwanita/article/view/1233
Schmidberger, I., & Wippermann, S. (2024). Applying design thinking to support education for sustainable development in higher education. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Higher Education Advances (HEAd’24) (pp. 732–739). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAd24.2024.17073
Schrepp, M., Hinderks, A., & Thomaschewski, J. (2017). Design and evaluation of a short version of the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ-S). International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence, 4(6), 103–108. https://doi.org/10.9781/ijimai.2017.09.001
Shabrina, A., & Annas, F. (2025). Pemberdayaan Remaja Melalui Literasi Keuangan dalam Menumbuhkan Kebiasaan Menabung di Jorong Anak Air Kasing. Tanmiyah Impact: Islamic Economics & Business Service Journal, 1(1), 1–15.
Shank, C. (2026). Guest editorial: Behavioral accounting and finance. In International Journal of Accounting & Information Management (Vol. 34, Issue 1, pp. 1–3). Emerald Publishing Limited.
Statistik, B. P. (2020). Statistik penduduk lanjut usia 2020. Badan Pusat Statistik. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2020/12/21/0fc023221965624a644c1111/statistik-penduduk-lanjut-usia-2020.html
Sun, L., Guo, Z., & Hu, L. (2023). Educational games promote the development of students’ computational thinking: A meta-analytic review. Interactive Learning Environments, 31(6), 3476–3490. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.1931891
Taheri, B., & Okumus, F. (2024). Conducting mixed methods research. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 36(3), 995–1004.
Thohari, S., & Rizky, U. F. (2021). Persons with disabilities’ financial literacy and access to financial services. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 24(1), 47–64. https://doi.org/10.24914/jeb.v24i1.3675
Yulius, R., Nasrullah, M. F. A., Handayani, S., & Thohari, A. H. (2023). Designing an investment learning app for students using design thinking approach. JISA (Jurnal Informatika Dan Sains), 6(1), 14–16. https://doi.org/10.31326/jisa.v6i1.1473
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 I Gst. Agung Pramesti Dwi Putri, A.A. Istri Ita Paramitha, Ni Wayan Nanik Suaryani Taro Putri, Ni Putu Setia Pratiwi, Kadek Bagastya Adi Widyadhana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC-BY-SA). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
