Creating Shared Value and Environmental Commitment Shape Employee Sustainable Performance Through Stakeholder Engagement
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59261/bustechno.v7i4.789Keywords:
Creating Shared Value, Employee Sustainable Performance, Environmental Commitment, PLS-SEM, Stakeholder EngagementAbstract
Background: Sustainable employee performance has become a crucial factor for pharmaceutical firms confronting competitive dynamics, supply chain fragility, and escalating sustainability demands.
Objective: This research investigates the influence of Creating Shared Value and Environmental Commitment on Employee Sustainable Performance, both directly and through the mediating role of Stakeholder Engagement, at PT Kimia Farma Tbk.
Method: An explanatory quantitative survey approach was applied to 300 eligible employees recruited through purposive sampling. The collected data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 3.0 software to examine the measurement model, structural relationships, and mediating mechanisms.
Results: The results demonstrate that both Creating Shared Value and Environmental Commitment exert positive and statistically significant direct effects on Employee Sustainable Performance and Stakeholder Engagement. Stakeholder Engagement likewise has a positive and significant effect on Employee Sustainable Performance and significantly mediates both sustainability strategy relationships. These results indicate that sustainability initiatives become more meaningful to employees when stakeholders participate through communication, collaboration, and support. Rather than functioning solely as corporate policies, shared value and environmental commitments are translated into sustained employee behavior through engagement.
Conclusion: The study contributes by positioning Stakeholder Engagement as an organizational mechanism connecting corporate sustainability strategy with employee-level outcomes in an Indonesian pharmaceutical company. Practically, PT Kimia Farma Tbk should strengthen two-way communication, stakeholder participation, and the integration of environmental responsibilities into daily work processes to support consistent, responsible, and sustainable employee performance.
References
Akbar, A., Sihabudin, M. Y., Firdaus, R. E., & Pahreji, R. (2023). Perkembangan Demokrasi di Indonesia. Advances In Social Humanities Research, 1(5), 627–635.https://doi/orang/10.46799/adv.v1i5.77
Alshukri, T., Seun Ojekemi, O., Öz, T., & Alzubi, A. (2024). The interplay of corporate social responsibility, innovation capability, organizational learning, and sustainable value creation: Does stakeholder engagement matter? Sustainability, 16(13), 5511. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16135511
Anshori, M. F., & Kholmi, M. (2024). Implementasi Creating Shared Value (CSV) untuk membangun bisnis berkelanjutan di Indonesia. Jurnal Bintang Manajemen, 2(2), 94–99. https://doi.org/10.55606/jubima.v2i2.3064
Arief, A. M. (2024). Ketergantungan impor, 90% bahan baku obat masih dari luar negeri. Katadata. https://katadata.co.id/berita/industri/66795fbe41d7a/ketergantungan-impor-90-bahan-baku-obat-masih-dari-luar-negeri
Belkhir, L., & Elmeligi, A. (2019). Carbon footprint of the global pharmaceutical industry and relative impact of its major players. Journal of Cleaner Production, 214, 185–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.204
Cuevas‐Lizama, J., & Royo‐Vela, M. (2026). Antecedents and Moderators for Creating Shared Value in Startups. Business Strategy and the Environment, 35(2), 2864–2889.https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70318
Freudenreich, B., Lüdeke-Freund, F., & Schaltegger, S. (2020). A stakeholder theory perspective on business models: Value creation for sustainability. Journal of Business Ethics, 166(1), 3–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04112-z
Góes, H. A. de A., Fatima, G., Santos Jhunior, R. de O., & Boaventura, J. M. G. (2023). Managing for stakeholders towards corporate environmental sustainability. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 30(4), 1561–1572. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2448
Guennoun, R., Guennoun, A., & Benkaddour, A. (2026). A Bibliometric Analysis of the Creating Shared Value Literature (2011–2025): From Foundational Debate Toward Applied Specialization and Theoretical Consolidation Challenges. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, e70968.https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.70968
Hagenaars, R. H., Heijungs, R., de Koning, A., Tukker, A., & Wang, R. (2025). The greenhouse gas emissions of pharmaceutical consumption and production: an input–output analysis over time and across global supply chains. The Lancet Planetary Health, 9(3), e196–e206.https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00028-2
Hair Jr., J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. https://us2.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/a-primer-on-partial-least-squares-structural-equation-modeling-pls-sem/book270548
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2021). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). SAGE Publications. https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/a-primer-on-partial-least-squares-structural-equation-modeling-pls-sem/book270548.https://doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v6i2.134
Ispiryan, A., Pakeltiene, R., Ispiryan, O., & Giedraitis, A. (2024). Fostering organizational sustainability through employee collaboration: An integrative approach to environmental, social, and economic dimensions. Encyclopedia, 4(4), 1806–1826. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia4040119
Jang, Y. J. (2022). The role of stakeholder engagement in environmental sustainability: A moderation analysis of chain affiliation. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 46(5), 1006–1026. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348020936348
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2024). Bahan baku obat-obatan di Indonesia masih tergantung dari impor. Antara News. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/4476853/bahan-baku-obat-obatan-di-indonesia-masih-tergantung-dari-impor
Kementerian Perindustrian RI. (2024). Industri farmasi masih tergantung impor bahan baku, pemerintah akan lakukan ini. Kontan. https://industri.kontan.co.id/news/industri-farmasi-masih-tergantung-impor-bahan-baku-pemerintah-akan-lakukan-ini
Kimia Farma. (2023). Program Bina Industri Desa – Petani Tempuyung. PT Kimia Farma Tbk. https://www.kimiafarma.co.id/id/read/program-bina-industri-desa-petani-tempuyung
Kujala, J., Sachs, S., Leinonen, H., Heikkinen, A., & Laude, D. (2022). Stakeholder engagement: Past, present, and future. Business & Society, 61(5), 1136–1196. https://doi.org/10.1177/00076503211066595
Marschner, S., Orsi, L., Olper, A., & Stranieri, S. (2026). Sustainability Strategies in the Cocoa‐Chocolate Value Chain: An Analysis Using Stakeholder Theory, Global Value Chain Theory, and Resource Dependence Theory. Agribusiness, 42(2), 694–716.https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.22044
Matarazzo, M., Oduro, S., & Gennaro, A. (2025). Stakeholder engagement for sustainable value co-creation: Evidence from made in Italy SMEs. Business Ethics, the Environment & Responsibility, 34(2), 347–361. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12654
Menghwar, P. S., & Daood, A. (2021). Creating shared value: A systematic review, synthesis and integrative perspective. International Journal of Management Reviews, 23(4), 466–485. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12252
Porter, M. E., & Kramer, M. R. (2011). Creating shared value. Harvard Business Review, 89(1/2), 62–77. https://hbr.org/2011/01/the-big-idea-creating-shared-value
Pucci, T., Casprini, E., Galati, A., & Zanni, L. (2020). The virtuous cycle of stakeholder engagement in developing a sustainability culture: Salcheto winery. Journal of Business Research, 119, 364–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.11.009
Purba, A. S., Sukoharsono, E. G., & Hariadi, B. (2020). The meaningful practice creating shared value as a contribute to sustainable development goals: Case study at PT Pupuk Kaltim. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 9(7), 222–232. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v9i7.934
Rehman, S. U., Bresciani, S., Yahiaoui, D., & Giacosa, E. (2022). Environmental sustainability orientation and corporate social responsibility influence on environmental performance of small and medium enterprises: The mediating effect of green capability. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 29(6), 1954–1967. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2293
Rhamadanty, S. (2023). Bahan baku obat Kimia Farma (KAEF) 90% masih impor. Kontan.Co.Id. https://industri.kontan.co.id/news/bahan-baku-obat-kimia-farma-kaef-90-masih-impor
Royo-Vela, M., & Cuevas Lizama, J. (2022). Creating shared value: Exploration in an entrepreneurial ecosystem. Sustainability, 14(14), 8505. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148505
Saleem, F., Zhang-Zhang, Y., Malik, M. I., & Allui, A. (2020). Revisiting stakeholder theory and environmentalism: Evidence from an emerging economy. Sustainability, 12(20), 8751. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208751
Salvioni, D. M., & Almici, A. (2020). Transitioning toward a circular economy: The impact of stakeholder engagement on sustainability culture. Sustainability, 12(20), 8641. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208641
Statista. (2024). Pharmacies - Indonesia. Statista. https://www.statista.com/outlook/hmo/pharmacies/indonesia
Sun, R., Lee, Y., & Dong, E. (2025). Sustainability and internal communication: Leveraging employee green behaviors. Public Relations Review, 51(2), 102565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2025.102565
Usman, S., Sulastri, & Yuliani. (2024). The implementation of creating shared value in Indonesian companies. Technium Social Sciences Journal, 53(1), 375–380. https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v53i1.10127
Zhang, J., Shao, X., & Sun, T. (2025). How does environmental sustainability commitment affect corporate environmental performance: A chain mediation model. Sustainability, 17(8), 3461. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083461
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Rizki Oktavianus, Wendra Hartono

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC-BY-SA). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.



